一、日语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。元音又可分为单元音和双元音。辅音又分为清辅音和浊辅音。
音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。
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国际音标

[i:]

[ə:]

[u:]

[ɔ:]

[a:]

开合双元音

[ei]

[ai]

[ɔi]

[əu]

[au]

集中双元音

[iə]

[εə]

[uə]

[tʃ]

[tr]

[ts]

[dʒ]

[dr]

[dz]

阔伊伊

二．具体发音
元音
/i:/ be he cream eat green need
/ɪ/ big city
/e/ any many bed best breakfast
/æ/ at bag
/ɜ:/ her birth first
/ə/ hello ruler
/ɑ:/ afternoon class art card
/ʌ/ color come young country bus but
/ɔ:/ all also report short more store
/ɔ/ want watch clock from your four
/U:/ do movie cool food you group
/ʊ/ put
/eɪ/ age case day May great
/aɪ/ ice like night
/ɔɪ/ boy toy
/əʊ/ go no boat coat show know
/aʊ/ found sound how now
/ɪə/ really dear year
/eə/
/ʊə/

辅音
/p/ pen play
/t/ table take
/k/ call can key kid school black rock
/f/ family father laugh cough phone photo
/θ/ thank thing
/s/ city sad salad
/ʃ/ sure sugar machine she shoe
/tʃ/ future natural chair chess watch match
/tr/ trip trumpet
/ts/ bats hats
/h/ hat have who
/b/ bag ball
/d/ dad date
/g/ game get guard guess
/v/ video violin
/ð/ that this
/z/ is his zero zigzag
/ʒ/ usually pleasure
/dʒ/ biology giraffe job join
/dr/ draw drawer
/dz/ beds cards
/r/ red ruler write
/m/ many math climb autumn
/n/ name nice sign foreign know
/ŋ/ sign
/ǀ/ last late
/w/ want watch what why
/j/ year yes